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French Doze: Adjectives-Agreement and Position(Lecture # 3)


Adjectives

 


Ajectives in French vary in form to agree with the number and gender of the words they modify.



The plural of adjectives is formed in the same way as the plural of nouns of similar ending.      

             le petit garcon,   the little boy      
             les petits garcons, the little boys      
             le mauvais roi, the bad king      
             les mauvais rois, the bad kings

 The feminine of adjectives is regularly formed by adding mute "e" to the masculine.

            le grand jardin, the large garden
            la grande ville, the large city
            les grands jardins, the large gardens
            les grandes villes, the large cities

When the same adjective modifies nouns of different gender it takes the musculine form.

           The boy and girl are small. le garcon et la fille sont petits.
           His son and his daughter are bad. Son fils et sa fille sont mauvais.


Very many adjective in French follow the word they qualify,especially:

(a) those denoting color,shapes,or nationality;
(b) those of participial derivation;
(c) those having more syllables than the words they qualify.

             the green tree, i'arbre vert
             the round table, la table ronde
             a French city, une ville francaise
             a charming child, un enfant charmant
             an excellent man, un homme excellent


Some of the most common adjectives regularly precede the word they qualify.The most important among these are:
            
            beau, beautiful      grand, large          jeune, young
            bon, good             joli, pretty            gros, big
            vieux, old             mauvais, bad        villain, ugly
            petit, little             nouveau, new       
            an ugly nose, un vilain nez

As French has no neuter gender,there is no special word for the pronoun "it".This pronoun,when used as subject,must be translated by il or elle according to the gender of the noun for which it stands.
         
             I have a book;it is green. J'ai un liver; il est vert.
             I have a room; it is small. J'ai une chambre; elle est prtite.


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